Pile-cutting machineby



UNITED sfrariis rx' FFCE.

JOHN W. CONKLIN, HENRY L. SIDMAN, AND EUGENE VHRITNER, OF RAMAPO, NEW YORK.

FILE-CUTTING MACHINERY.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 9,194, dated August 17, 18.52.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN W'. OONKLIN, HENRY L. SIDMAN, and EUGENE VHRiTNER, of Rama-po, in the county of Rockland and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machinery for Cutting Files; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation thereof, reference being had to the annexed drawing, and letters of reference marked thereon, forming part of this speciication, in which- Y Figure l is a side elevation of the machine, a portion of the frame being removed to expose the cutting apparatus. Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section. Fig. 3 is a transverse section, taken as denoted by the red line 2 2 of Fig. 2 and looking toward the cutting apparatus. Fig. t is an elevation of the rear end, and Fig. 5 is a top view of the le bed or carriage.

The peculiarities of our file cutting machinery have relation to a combination for the automatic graduation of the blow at the tip of the blank, or commencement of the operation.

In the annexed drawing A is a bench, having at top guide ways al al for the file bed or carriage B, to slide to and fro upon. One of these Ways is provided with a bead Z9 fitting into a groove in the carriage for the further steadiment and more exact guidance of the carriage. Mounted on this bench A, are two standard frames c, c, which afford support and journal bearing to the hammer, cutter, cams, etc.

The top of the carriage B, is provided with the following described device for holding the blank: United at their front ends by a cross piece d are two long thin strips of metal c, having each a pair of longitudinal grooves or slits e, e and also a pair of oblique ones f, as represented in Fig. 5. The longitudinal grooves slip over pins e e in the carriage top. These pins are screw threaded and provided with thumb nuts. g are clips or slides having small iianges on their inner ends for clamping the file blank. From these clips or slides g project upward pins f1, which occupy the oblique grooves f. It will readily be perceived that on drawing the platesv or strips O, forward, the pressure of the rear side of the oblique grooves f upon the pins f1 will cause the clips or slides to appeoach the blank and hold it fast,

and with a reverse motion of the strips c, to recede again and allow another blank t-o be inserted. The clips or slides being arranged upon the file bed on either side of the file, are brought to their desired places when the blankis t-o be clamped, and held fast by means of the thumb nuts on the pins e c The t-ang of the file blank is inserted within a staple h of the bed admitting vertical but preventing lateral motion. Vert-ical motion has to be provided on account of the swell ing form usually given to files, which occasions the ends to rise from the bed in proportion to the distance of the part operated on.

The cutter D, does not differ materially in form from the ordinary file chisel, that is, it has a flat taper toward the cutting edge or blade and a pyramidal taper toward the heel. It is placed within a socket z', said socket nearly fitting it at top, but flaring toward the lower portion, so as to admit an encircling cushion 'w of caoutchouc or india rubber to the cutter shank, having for its object the rendering the face or edge of the cutter self-adaptable to the face of the file blank, and thus effectually preventing any recoil of the cutter, and the consequent formation of false or imperfect grooves. The cutter' is preserved from falling out of the socket z' by a pin z" passing through the head of said socket and shank of the cutter. The socket itself is cylindric and can be set in its gate or cross head j, so as to present the edge of the chisel at any angle desired with reference to line of mot-ion. This done the socket is secured to said gate by set screw j. The ends of the gate or cross head y' work in grooves lc 7c on the frame c, which admits of a slight upward motion parallel with the axis of the cutter. This upward motion is given by means of levers E, E, the ends whereof are inserted in eyes Z on the gate. These levers have their fulcra upon a cross rail m attached to the frames c. This rail also affords support to the fulcrum n of the hammer F, in the manner shown. The heels of both the hammer helves G and the levers E, are depressed at regular intervals by the rotating cam H, mounted on a hori- Zontal propelling shaft I, said cam H, being so formed as to lift bo-th hammer F, and cutter D, nearly simultaneously, and to dro-p the latter first, which thus has opportunity to adapt itself to the face of the blank, and also to hold the latter firmly down upon the carriage, and thus dispense with the need of a roller to hold the blank to its work. On

` these accounts it is decidedly preferable to have the cutter as in this machine detached from the handle. The hammer head being adjusted in its helve G so it will strike the chisel or cutter precisely central, can be held fast to its proper place by means of the set screws o. o passing through said hammer head and entering a recess p in the helve. The force of the hammer derivable from its weight is still further augmented by spiral springs g g, whose stress, which is at its minimum at the commencement of the cutting on the narrow tip of the file, is made to increase so as to augment the Yforce of the cut as the surface of the blank broadens by the following arrangement of mechanism: Aflixed to the sides of the carriage are'racks 1" 7, in which gear pinions s s of a horizontal transverse shaft J journaling inthe frame. On this shaft J, and on the outsides of the pinions s s are placed cams or eccentrics K, K, and interposed between these cams K and pinions s are rods L.- These rods L, are bifurcated where they pass the cams, so as to straddle the pinion shaft J, and carry at their lower extremities rollers M, which bear up against the faces of the cams K, bythe stress of the springs g before mentioned, which surround the upper portions of rods L, and which at their lower ends bear against a cross piece N, attached to the hammer helve G, and at their upper ends bear against nuts t on the upper ends of the rods. On inspection of this mechanism it will be seen that as the carriage advances the slow rotation of the pinions s will gradually bring a larger part of the cams K in contact with the rollers M, and by this means drawing them and their attached rods downward must contact the springs g and t-hus increase the stress upon the hammer. The intermittent advance of the carriage between every two successive strokes of'the hammer is accomplished by means of a horizontal screw O, journaling within the bench, and which, when desired to be effective is made so by bringing down a semi-circular nut P, upon it by means of the handle Q, having its fulcrum Q in the file bed or carriage and attached to theI nut P, by an arm R see Fig.

4. This screw is rotated by a pawl S, and ratchet wheel T worked by a cam U, on the same shaft containing that Whichoperates the hammer and cutter, and coming into play at the same time, and ceasing to act before the chisel descends, serves to move the bed or carriage before the hammer and cutter are liberated from the cam H. V is a rack attached to the side of the bed and having one or more pawls W, prevents the recession of the carriage beneath the strokes of the hammer. When the operation of cutting the le on one side is finished, the carriage is detached from the screw and run back and the file blank turned over and clamped.

Having machinery for cutting files, what we claim as our invention and desire to have secured to us by Letters Patent, is-

As herein constructed and combined, the racks r, pinions s, cams or eccentrics K, rods L, and springs g, in connection with the vibrating hammer F, as described for the graduation of the blow at the commencement of the operation.

described our improvements in In testimony whereof we have hereunto i JOHN WILLIAMS, TIIoMAs WILLIAMS. 

